نشریه تاریخ و سیره اهل بیت
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 3، بهار و تابستان 1399)

The continuation of the Alawite system, led by Imam Ali in the continuation of the prophetic system, is one of the strategic ideas of Lady Fatima, who gave her life in defense and struggle to explain its principles and its practical realization in society. Lady Fatima, as an example of a perfect human being in the school of Islam, after the death of the Messenger of God, along with religiosity and piety, in the role of a socio-political activist, in defense of the Alawite leadership, took a stand and took practical action. In order to defend the Alawite leadership and system, in his two major and minor sermons, he explained the developments of the Islamic society and the changes that took place among the ummah, enlightening and raising awareness. In this article, in a descriptive-analytical method, with emphasis on the sermons of Lady Zahra against the changes in society at the beginning of the Islamic Caliphate, the position of Lady Zahra has been studied. The findings of this study show that the struggle of Lady in the context of religious mission and based on Quranic insight, was a scholastic struggle to establish the Alawite system under the leadership of Imam Ali against the Quraysh eldership and the caliphate system derived from the Saqifa discourse.

One of the most important events in the Islam advent is the death of Lady Fatima. There are different views about this event in the historical documents. Some of the historians believe in her natural sickness and some other believe that the attack to her house is the cause of injury. The question that is raised by the conflict of these two views is that what is the source of the differences? Based on the descriptive-analytical approach, just one of these two Theories is correct. Finally, it seems that the first theory is not noticeable that can prove the sickness of Lady Fatima.

Medina, as one of the cultural capacities of the Islamic world, was not always on the path of progress and its history sometimes witnessed a period when these capacities were threatened. The period of Imam Sajjad's Imamate coincides with the days when Medina, in addition to moving away from its glorious past and moving towards poverty and depravity, did not have a positive approach to the Ahl al-Bayt, but at the end of Imam Sajjad's period Social fortune for that Imam, Medina became a city that, in addition to reviving its cultural capacities, found a positive view of the Ahl al-Bayt and accepted the Imam as the leader of its science and religion. This article seeks the reasons for this change and the role of Imam Sajjad in changing the cultural approach of this city. Imam Sajjad, by understanding the importance and position of Medina in the spiritual memory of the Islamic world, cadre building and changing the fabric of the population in favor of Shiite thought, reviving the tradition of the Prophet through Ahl al-Bayt: The culture of Medina and Iqbal have played a role in religious teachings, which unfortunately have not been well explained in the history of Islam.

The Battle of Jamal was the first war between two large groups of Muslims to take place in Basra. The actions of the men of Basra have had a great impact on the city of Basra and involving the people in withdrawing or participating in the Camel War. In this war, the Basrians were divided into three groups following their men; a group joined the infidels and led many astray; a group withdrew from the war and a small number joined Imam Ali. This article deals with the descriptive approach to the role of the men of Basra in the Battle of Jamal in order to answer the question, considering their position in Basra, what caused the doubts and deviation of the men of Basra from the main path? The results of this article show that the main reasons for the deviation of the people of Basra can be: maintaining personal and tribal interests, seeking power, trusting the infallible leaders, overcoming emotions, tribal prejudices and returning to ignorance.

After the death of the Prophet of God, one of the actions of the Muslim Arabs was to invade other lands, for various reasons and purposes, which is mentioned in the works of historians as conquests. Most of the existing accounts of the conquest of the lands have been compiled by historians of the Iraqi School of Journalism in books such as Tarikh Tabari and Fatooha al-Boldan al-Belazori. One of the topics mentioned in these works is the presence of the sons of Ali ibn Abi Talib in the conquests in Gorgan and Tabarestan. Regardless of its accuracy, this news has been repeated in subsequent works to the extent that it has undergone unsubstantiated additions and even a means to destroy the image of Islam and Shia by the opposition. The main issue of this research is the validity of reports based on the presence of Imam Hassan and Hussein in the conquests. It seems that the writers of the first centuries did not pay attention to the accuracy of the reports and it is not clear what their reasons were for publishing the reports. Authors who have repeated this news in the following centuries have also lacked a realistic approach. The present study has paid attention to the reports in the first sources and its reflection in the later works with a descriptive-analytical method and with a critical look.

Animals have been more influential in the way humans live since the beginning of creation, and this influence continues, which is why, with the advancement of science, industry, and culture in recent times, more attention has been paid to animals and their rights. For almost two centuries, Western societies have been active in the field of animal rights protection and have published the results in the form of international documents worldwide. This research has been done in a descriptive-analytical method with emphasis on comparative studies and its information has been collected in a library method. The result of a comparison between the latest World Charter of Animal Rights and the Ahl al-Bayt tradition: that animal rights in Islamic culture as well as in the tradition of the Gods Prophet and the nine Shiite Imams, which was about 12 to 14 centuries ago, is much more complete and complete than international law.